:root {
    --bg-color: #f7f5f2;
    --text-color: #1e1e1e;
    --text-secondary: #666666;
    --accent-color: #e85d00;
    --card-bg: #ffffff;
    --border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    --font-main: 'Outfit', sans-serif;
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-family: var(--font-main);
    min-height: 100vh;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 100vh;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 2rem;
}

.column-layout {
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    padding-top: 4rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.content {
    text-align: center;
}

/* Typography */
h1 {
    font-size: 5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.subtitle {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 300;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

h4 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 1rem 2.5rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    border-radius: 50px;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.8, 0.25, 1);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.2);
}

.btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.35);
    filter: brightness(1.05);
}

.btn-small {
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 30px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.btn-small:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: #fff;
}

.link-back {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: color 0.3s;
}

.link-back:hover {
    color: #fff;
}

/* Layout Sections */
.page-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.services-section {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.service-card {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    text-align: center;
    border: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.service-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.1);
}

.service-card p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.projects-section {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.project-card {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.project-image {
    height: 200px;
    background-color: #ede9e4;
    width: 100%;
}

.project-info {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.footer-nav {
    margin-top: auto;
    padding-bottom: 2rem;
}

/* Animations */
.fade-in-up {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.215, 0.610, 0.355, 1.000) forwards;
}

.delay {
    animation-delay: 0.2s;
}

.delay-2 {
    animation-delay: 0.4s;
}

.delay-3 {
    animation-delay: 0.6s;
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(20px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    h1 {
        font-size: 3rem;
    }

    h2 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .services-section,
    .projects-section {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .btn {
        padding: 0.875rem 2rem;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}



/* Projects Page Specifics */
.projects-header {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 6rem 1rem 4rem;
    background: var(--bg-color);
    border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
}

/* Masonry Grid Layout */
.masonry-grid {
    column-count: 3;
    column-gap: 2rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto 4rem;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .masonry-grid {
        column-count: 2;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .masonry-grid {
        column-count: 1;
    }
}

.masonry-item {
    break-inside: avoid;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.project-card {
    display: block;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    position: relative;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: var(--card-bg);
    border: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    z-index: 2;
    box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.project-image-container {
    width: 100%;
    /* Ensure container takes height of content */
    display: block;
}

/* Placeholder Art for Demo */
.project-image-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 300px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    position: relative;
}

/* Hide inline background-image by using a pseudo-element overlay */
.project-image-placeholder[style*="background-image"]::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: inherit;
    background-size: contain;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease;
    z-index: 2;
}

/* Show inline background-image on hover */
.project-card:hover .project-image-placeholder[style*="background-image"]::after {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Bottle image - hidden by default, shown on hover */
.bottle-image::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background-image: url('assets/bottle_final_ren_product.jpg');
    background-size: contain;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease;
    z-index: 2;
}

.project-card:hover .bottle-image::after {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Different sizes for Masonry effect with Metal Textures */

/* GOLDEN HIGHLIGHT - Ice Cream Scoop Project */
.img-golden-highlight {
    height: 350px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 30% 20%,
            rgba(255, 215, 100, 0.4) 0%,
            transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 70% 80%,
            rgba(255, 200, 80, 0.3) 0%,
            transparent 50%),
        linear-gradient(135deg,
            #d4af37 0%,
            #f4d03f 25%,
            #d4af37 50%,
            #c5a028 75%,
            #d4af37 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 2px 8px rgba(255, 215, 0, 0.3),
        inset 0 -2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2),
        0 4px 15px rgba(212, 175, 55, 0.4);
}

/* 1. Fine Brushed Aluminum - GRAYSCALE */
.img-industrial-1 {
    height: 400px;
    background:
        repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,
            #6a6a6a 0px,
            #6a6a6a 0.5px,
            #757575 0.5px,
            #757575 1px),
        linear-gradient(180deg,
            #5d5d5d 0%,
            #6d6d6d 50%,
            #5d5d5d 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* 2. Matte Anodized Aluminum - GRAYSCALE */
.img-lifestyle-1 {
    height: 300px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 30% 30%,
            rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.15) 0%,
            transparent 70%),
        linear-gradient(135deg,
            #3a3a3a 0%,
            #424242 50%,
            #3a3a3a 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

/* 3. Fine Bead Blasted Steel - GRAYSCALE */
.img-precision-1 {
    height: 350px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(80, 80, 80, 0.08) 0%, transparent 8%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 60% 20%, rgba(70, 70, 70, 0.06) 0%, transparent 6%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 60%, rgba(75, 75, 75, 0.07) 0%, transparent 7%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 30% 80%, rgba(80, 80, 80, 0.08) 0%, transparent 8%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 70% 85%, rgba(70, 70, 70, 0.06) 0%, transparent 6%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 15% 50%, rgba(75, 75, 75, 0.07) 0%, transparent 7%),
        linear-gradient(135deg,
            #686868 0%,
            #787878 50%,
            #686868 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

/* 4. Satin Polished Aluminum - GRAYSCALE */
.img-lifestyle-2 {
    height: 450px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 35% 25%,
            rgba(180, 180, 180, 0.25) 0%,
            transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 65% 70%,
            rgba(160, 160, 160, 0.12) 0%,
            transparent 45%),
        linear-gradient(135deg,
            #787878 0%,
            #909090 50%,
            #787878 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 4px rgba(200, 200, 200, 0.2),
        inset 0 -1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

/* 5. Brushed Dark Steel - GRAYSCALE */
.img-industrial-2 {
    height: 320px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%,
            rgba(100, 100, 100, 0.02) 30%,
            transparent 31%,
            transparent 60%,
            rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02) 61%),
        linear-gradient(135deg,
            #404040 0%,
            #4a4a4a 50%,
            #404040 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

/* 6. Brushed Titanium - GRAYSCALE */
.img-precision-2 {
    height: 280px;
    background:
        repeating-linear-gradient(0deg,
            #7a7a7a 0px,
            #7a7a7a 0.5px,
            #858585 0.5px,
            #858585 1px),
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 40% 30%,
            rgba(120, 120, 120, 0.15) 0%,
            transparent 60%),
        linear-gradient(180deg,
            #6a6a6a 0%,
            #7a7a7a 50%,
            #6a6a6a 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* 7. Brushed Stainless Steel - GRAYSCALE */
.img-structural {
    height: 400px;
    background:
        repeating-linear-gradient(0deg,
            #6a7580 0px,
            #6a7580 0.5px,
            #75808a 0.5px,
            #75808a 1px),
        linear-gradient(180deg,
            #5a6570 0%,
            #6a7580 50%,
            #5a6570 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 20, 40, 0.1);
}

/* 8. ENHANCED Electroplated Black Chrome - GRAYSCALE */
.img-carbon {
    height: 350px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 30% 20%,
            rgba(80, 80, 80, 0.3) 0%,
            transparent 40%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% 50%,
            #2a2a2a 0%,
            #1a1a1a 50%,
            #0a0a0a 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 2px 10px rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.1),
        inset 0 -2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}



/* Overlay & Text */
.project-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 55%);
    opacity: 1;
    transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    pointer-events: none;
}

/* Hide overlay on hover to reveal image */
.project-card:hover .project-overlay {
    opacity: 0;
}

/* Typography in Overlay */
.project-text h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    transform: translateY(0);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .project-text h3 {
    transform: translateY(10px);
}

.tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    transform: translateY(0);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease 0.1s;
    /* Slight delay */
}

.project-card:hover .tags {
    transform: translateY(10px);
}

.tag {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

/* Specific accent colors for demo (simulating color return) */
.project-card:hover .img-industrial-1 {
    background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, #2c3e50, #bdc3c7);
}

.project-card:hover .img-lifestyle-1 {
    background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #e67e22, #f1c40f);
}

.project-card:hover .img-precision-1 {
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle, #2980b9, #2c3e50);
}

.project-card:hover .img-lifestyle-2 {
    background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #8e44ad, #9b59b6);
}

.project-card:hover .img-industrial-2 {
    background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg, #27ae60, #2ecc71 10px);
}


/* =========================================
   Project Template Specifics
   ========================================= */

.project-hero {
    position: relative;
    height: 100vh;
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #f0ece6;
}

.hero-bg-placeholder {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 50%, rgba(232,93,0,0.07) 0%, transparent 60%),
                      radial-gradient(circle at 70% 30%, rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 0%, transparent 50%);
    z-index: 0;
}

.project-hero .hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.project-hero h1 {
    font-size: 5vw;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #1e1e1e;
    text-shadow: none;
}

.project-info-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    border-bottom: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.info-item {
    padding: 2rem;
    border-right: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.info-item:last-child {
    border-right: none;
}

.info-item .label {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.info-item .value {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

/* =========================================
   Schematic Visuals (CSS Fallback)
   ========================================= */
.visual-container {
    width: 100%;
    height: 400px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
    background-color: #ede9e4;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.visual-container:hover {
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.1);
}

.visual-label {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    z-index: 2;
    text-align: center;
    border: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
}

.visual-label .en {
    display: block;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.visual-label .zh {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

/* 1. Sketch - Graph Paper */
.visual-sketch {
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 20px 20px;
    background-position: center;
}

/* 2. CAD - Blueprint */
.visual-cad {
    background-color: #0d2b45;
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) 0.5px, transparent 0.5px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) 0.5px, transparent 0.5px);
    background-size: 100px 100px, 100px 100px, 20px 20px, 20px 20px;
}

/* 3. Proto V1 - Layer Lines */
.visual-proto-v1 {
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,
            #2a2a2a,
            #2a2a2a 10px,
            #333 10px,
            #333 20px);
}

/* 4. Testing - Cold Lab */
.visual-testing {
    background: radial-gradient(circle at center, #2c3e50 0%, #1a1a1a 100%);
}

/* 5. Proto V2 - Refined Matte */
.visual-proto-v2 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #444 0%, #222 100%);
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

/* 6. BOM - Data Grid */
.visual-bom {
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(0deg, transparent 24%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 25%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 26%, transparent 27%, transparent 74%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 75%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 76%, transparent 77%, transparent),
        linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 24%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 25%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 26%, transparent 27%, transparent 74%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 75%, rgba(0, 255, 0, .05) 76%, transparent 77%, transparent);
    background-size: 50px 50px;
    background-color: #0a150a;
}

/* Immersive Story Layout */
.immersive-container {
    display: flex;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 4rem auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
    position: relative;
}

/* Sticky Text Column */
.sticky-text-col {
    width: 30%;
    padding-right: 4rem;
}

.sticky-content {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    /* Stick 100px from top */
}

.sticky-content h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.sticky-content p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

/* Image Stream Column */
.image-stream-col {
    width: 70%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.stream-image-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    height: 80vh;
    background-color: #ede9e4;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.stream-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    /* Gap handled by parent flex gap */
    opacity: 0.8;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.stream-image:hover {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Next Project Footer */
.next-project-link {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 8rem 2rem;
    background-color: #f0ece6;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-color);
    text-align: center;
    transition: background-color 0.4s ease;
    border-top: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
}

.next-project-link:hover {
    background-color: #e8e2da;
}

.next-label {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.next-title {
    font-size: 4rem;
    margin: 0;
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.arrow {
    display: inline-block;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    margin-left: 1rem;
}

.next-project-link:hover .arrow {
    transform: translateX(20px);
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .project-info-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }

    .info-item:nth-child(2) {
        border-right: none;
    }

    .immersive-container {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .sticky-text-col,
    .image-stream-col {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .sticky-text-col {
        padding-right: 0;
        margin-bottom: 3rem;
    }

    /* Hero Section */
    .project-hero {
        position: relative;
        height: 100vh;
        width: 100%;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
        overflow: hidden;
        background-color: #000;
    }

    .hero-bg-placeholder {
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background-image: radial-gradient(circle at center, #333 0%, #111 100%);
        opacity: 0.5;
        z-index: 0;
    }

    .project-hero .hero-content {
        position: relative;
        z-index: 1;
        padding: 0 2rem;
    }

    .project-hero h1 {
        font-size: 5vw;
        /* Responsive huge size */
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
        text-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    }

    /* Info Grid */
    .project-info-grid {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        max-width: 1400px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .info-item {
        padding: 2rem;
        border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .info-item:last-child {
        border-right: none;
    }

    .info-item .label {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        text-transform: uppercase;
        color: var(--text-secondary);
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    }

    .info-item .value {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        font-weight: 700;
    }

    /* Immersive Story Layout */
    .immersive-container {
        display: flex;
        max-width: 1400px;
        margin: 4rem auto;
        padding: 0 2rem;
        position: relative;
    }

    /* Sticky Text Column */
    .sticky-text-col {
        width: 30%;
        padding-right: 4rem;
    }

    .sticky-content {
        position: sticky;
        top: 100px;
        /* Stick 100px from top */
    }

    .sticky-content h2 {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }

    .sticky-content p {
        color: var(--text-secondary);
        line-height: 1.7;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
        font-size: 1.05rem;
    }

    /* Image Stream Column */
    .image-stream-col {
        width: 70%;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .stream-image-placeholder {
        width: 100%;
        height: 80vh;
        /* Tall images */
        background-color: #222;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        border-radius: 4px;
        /* Placeholder pattern */
        background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, #222 25%, #2a2a2a 25%, #2a2a2a 50%, #222 50%, #222 75%, #2a2a2a 75%, #2a2a2a 100%);
        background-size: 40px 40px;
    }

    /* Next Project Footer */
    .next-project-link {
        display: block;
        width: 100%;
        padding: 8rem 2rem;
        background-color: #111;
        text-decoration: none;
        color: #fff;
        text-align: center;
        transition: background-color 0.4s ease;
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
    }

    .next-project-link:hover {
        background-color: #1f1f1f;
    }

    .next-label {
        display: block;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        text-transform: uppercase;
        color: var(--text-secondary);
        letter-spacing: 0.2em;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .next-title {
        font-size: 4rem;
        margin: 0;
        transition: transform 0.4s ease;
    }

    .arrow {
        display: inline-block;
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        margin-left: 1rem;
    }

    .next-project-link:hover .arrow {
        transform: translateX(20px);
    }

    /* Responsive */
    @media (max-width: 900px) {
        .project-info-grid {
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        }

        .info-item:nth-child(2) {
            border-right: none;
        }

        .immersive-container {
            flex-direction: column;
        }

        .sticky-text-col,
        .image-stream-col {
            width: 100%;
        }

        .sticky-text-col {
            padding-right: 0;
            margin-bottom: 3rem;
        }

        .sticky-content {
            position: static;
            /* Disable sticky on mobile */
        }

        .project-hero h1 {
            font-size: 3rem;
        }

        .next-title {
            font-size: 2.5rem;
        }
    }

    /* =========================================
   Bilingual Support
   ========================================= */

    /* =========================================
   Bilingual Support
   ========================================= */

    /* Default State: Show English, Hide Chinese */
    .zh {
        display: none !important;
    }

    .en {
        display: inline-block;
        /* Or block depending on context, handled by parent usually but inline-block safer for spans */
    }

    /* Chinese Mode: Show Chinese, Hide English */
    body.chinese-mode .zh {
        display: inline-block !important;
    }

    body.chinese-mode div>.zh,
    body.chinese-mode p>.zh,
    body.chinese-mode h1>.zh,
    body.chinese-mode h2>.zh,
    body.chinese-mode h3>.zh,
    body.chinese-mode h4>.zh {
        display: block !important;
        /* Force block for structural elements if needed */
    }


    body.chinese-mode .en {
        display: none !important;
    }

    /* Toggle Button */
    .lang-toggle {
        position: fixed;
        top: 2rem;
        right: 2rem;
        z-index: 1000;
        background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
        color: #fff;
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        border-radius: 30px;
        cursor: pointer;
        font-family: var(--font-main);
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        font-weight: 700;
        backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
        transition: all 0.3s ease;
        text-transform: uppercase;
        letter-spacing: 1px;
    }



    .lang-toggle:hover {
        background: #fff;
        color: #000;
    }
}

/* --- Language Switching Logic --- */

/* Default state: English Mode */
.zh {
    display: none;
    /* Hide Chinese by default */
}

.en {
    display: inline-block;
    /* Show English */
}

/* Chinese Mode State (activated by JS adding class to body) */
body.chinese-mode .zh {
    display: inline-block !important;
    /* Force show Chinese */
}

body.chinese-mode .en {
    display: none !important;
    /* Force hide English */
}

/* Ensure spans inherit alignment correctly */
h1 span,
h2 span,
p span,
a span {
    width: 100%;
}

/* Styled Language Button */
.lang-btn {
    background-color: transparent;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    color: var(--text-color);
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-family: inherit;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-block;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.lang-btn:hover {
    background-color: var(--text-color);
    color: var(--bg-color);
    border-color: var(--text-color);
}

/* =========================================
   Contact Page | Digital Business Card
   ========================================= */

.contact-layout {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 100vh;
    padding: 2rem;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    width: 100%;
    align-items: center;
    /* Center Vertically */
}

/* Left Column: Heading */
.contact-left {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    height: 100%;
    padding-left: 4rem;
}

.contact-left h1 {
    font-size: 5rem;
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.contact-left .subtitle {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    max-width: 500px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Right Column: Digital Business Card */
.contact-right {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.contact-card {
    background-color: #ffffff;
    padding: 3rem;
    border-radius: 24px;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 500px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
    border: 0.5px solid var(--border-color);
}

.contact-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: 0 16px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.contact-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 16px;
    background: transparent;
}

.contact-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.contact-item:hover {
    background-color: #f7f5f2;
    transform: translateX(8px);
}

.contact-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    background-color: #f0ece6;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin-right: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    line-height: normal;
}

.contact-item:hover .contact-icon {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.25);
}

.contact-text .label {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.contact-text .value {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    word-break: break-all;
}

/* Bottom CTA Button */
.cta-container {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    /* Span full width */
    margin-top: 6rem;
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
}

.contact-cta-btn {
    display: inline-block;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 1.5rem 4rem;
    border-radius: 100px;
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.25);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.contact-cta-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.03);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 35px rgba(232, 93, 0, 0.35);
    background-color: #d05200;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 3rem;
    }

    .contact-left {
        padding-left: 0;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
        padding-top: 2rem;
    }

    .contact-left h1 {
        font-size: 3.5rem;
    }

    .contact-right {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

    /* Force Stack Prompt Fixes */
    .container {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        height: auto !important;
        min-height: 100vh;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        padding: 4rem 20px 20px 20px;
    }

    .content {
        margin-bottom: 50px;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .about-section {
        padding: 20px;
        margin: 0 !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
    }

    h1 {
        font-size: 3rem !important;
    }

    /* Button Gap */
    a[href='contact.html'] {
        margin-top: 20px !important;
        margin-left: 0 !important;
        display: inline-block;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

    /* Force Visibility Prompt Fixes */
    .project-overlay {
        opacity: 1 !important;
        visibility: visible !important;
        background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), transparent) !important;
    }

    .project-text h3,
    .tags {
        transform: none !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
    }

    /* Ensure padding alignment */
    .project-overlay {
        padding-bottom: 20px !important;
        justify-content: flex-end;
    }
}

/* Structural Analysis Project Styles */
.img-structural {
    height: 400px;
    background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #4a4a4a, #6a6a6a);
    /* Grayscale */
}

.project-card:hover .img-structural {
    background-image: url('assets/fea_mesh.jpg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

/* Additional Project Thumbnails */
.project-card:hover .img-cyclonic {
    background-image: url('assets/CoffeeChaff.png');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.project-card:hover .img-kinetic {
    background-image: url('assets/ParkEquipment.jpg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.project-card:hover .img-ecology {
    background-image: url('assets/BagHouse2D.png');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

/* =========================================
   Metal Texture Backgrounds
   ========================================= */

/* 1. Brushed Metal - Horizontal Hairline Finish */
.metal-brushed {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
            #b8b8b8 0%,
            #d0d0d0 25%,
            #e0e0e0 50%,
            #d0d0d0 75%,
            #b8b8b8 100%);
    background-size: 100% 2px;
    background-repeat: repeat;
    position: relative;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),
        0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.metal-brushed::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,
            transparent,
            transparent 1px,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03) 1px,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03) 2px);
    pointer-events: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

/* 2. Anodized Aluminum - Dark Gunmetal with Subtle Color */
.metal-anodized {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
            #2a2d34 0%,
            #35384a 25%,
            #3a3f4a 50%,
            #2f3240 75%,
            #2a2d34 100%);
    position: relative;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(100, 120, 150, 0.2);
    box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4),
        0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.metal-anodized::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at top left,
            rgba(80, 100, 140, 0.15) 0%,
            transparent 50%);
    pointer-events: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

/* 3. Sandblasted Steel - Matte Textured Surface */
.metal-sandblasted {
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(110, 110, 110, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 70%, rgba(90, 90, 90, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 40% 80%, rgba(100, 100, 100, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%),
        linear-gradient(135deg, #5a5a5a 0%, #6a6a6a 50%, #5a5a5a 100%);
    position: relative;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5),
        0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

.metal-sandblasted::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background-image:
        repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, transparent, transparent 1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03) 1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03) 2px),
        repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, transparent 1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03) 1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03) 2px);
    opacity: 0.5;
    pointer-events: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

/* 4. Polished Chrome - Mirror Finish with Highlights */
.metal-polished {
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 30% 20%,
            #ffffff 0%,
            #e8e8e8 20%,
            #d0d0d0 40%,
            #c0c0c0 60%,
            #b0b0b0 80%,
            #a8a8a8 100%);
    position: relative;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    box-shadow: inset 0 2px 6px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5),
        inset 0 -2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),
        0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.metal-polished::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 10%;
    left: 20%;
    width: 40%;
    height: 30%;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at center,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4) 0%,
            transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    filter: blur(20px);
}

/* Ensure text remains readable on metal backgrounds */
.metal-brushed h4,
.metal-anodized h4,
.metal-sandblasted h4,
.metal-polished h4 {
    color: #1a1a1a;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.metal-brushed p,
.metal-anodized p,
.metal-sandblasted p,
.metal-polished p {
    color: #2a2a2a;
}

.metal-brushed strong,
.metal-anodized strong,
.metal-sandblasted strong,
.metal-polished strong {
    color: #ff6600;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

/* Special handling for anodized (darker background) */
.metal-anodized h4,
.metal-anodized p,
.metal-anodized strong {
    color: #ffffff;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.metal-anodized strong {
    color: #ff8833;
}